# CMYK vs Spot Colour Simulation

When it comes to printing full-colour or photographic artwork, there are two advanced screen printing methods we use at Print Room NZ: **CMYK** and **Spot Colour Simulation**. Here's how they differ — and when we recommend each.

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#### CMYK Printing (Process Printing)

**What it is:**\
CMYK stands for **Cyan, Magenta, Yellow**, and **Black** (Key). These four transparent inks are printed in tiny overlapping dots to create the illusion of full-colour images — similar to how your home or office printer works.

**Best for:**

* White t-shirts only
* Photographic or detailed artwork with smooth gradients
* Designs with lots of colours but no bright whites or bold solids

**Limitations:**

* Can only be printed on white garments (the inks are transparent)
* Colours may look slightly muted compared to spot colours
* Not suitable for bold or flat graphic-style artwork

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#### Spot Colour Simulation (Simulated Process)

**What it is:**\
Instead of using just 4 inks, simulated process uses **custom-mixed spot colours** to closely match the design. These are printed in specific layers to build up complex images, including gradients, bright colours, and dark fabric compatibility.

**Best for:**

* Dark or coloured garments
* Artwork that includes both photographic detail *and* bold graphics
* Bright whites, neons, metallics, or high-impact prints

**Limitations:**

* Requires more screens (usually 6–10+), so more complex to set up
* Best suited to vector artwork or high-res separated files

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#### Side-by-Side Comparison

| Feature                          | **CMYK Printing**                      | **Spot Colour Simulation**                       |
| -------------------------------- | -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------ |
| **Ink Colours Used**             | 4 (Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, Black)       | 6–10+ spot colours, mixed to match design        |
| **Garment Colour Compatibility** | Only on white garments                 | Works on light and dark garments                 |
| **Colour Accuracy**              | Good, but slightly muted               | Excellent – bright whites and strong colours     |
| **Best For**                     | Photos, smooth gradients on white tees | Bold + detailed art, high colour accuracy        |
| **Setup Complexity**             | Simpler setup                          | More screens and detailed separations required   |
| **Finish & Feel**                | Soft and smooth                        | Soft but slightly heavier with more ink coverage |


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